Reduction Mammaplasty and Mastopexy in Previously Irradiated Breasts

Thursday, April 11, 2013: 3:17 PM
Samir S. Rao, MD, Ketan M. Patel, MD, Maurice Y. Nahabedian, MD and Scott L. Spear, MD, FACS, Department of Plastic Surgery, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
Goals/Purpose:  Little data exists on the safety of elective breast surgery following breast conservation therapy.  The purpose of this study was to evaluate our experience performing reduction mammaplasties and mastopexies in previously irradiated breasts.

Methods/Technique:   We performed a retrospective review of all reduction mammaplasties and mastopexies in previously irradiated breasts performed by the two senior authors (M.Y.N & S.L.S) from 1995-2012. Patient records were reviewed for demographics, smoking status, chemotherapy and radiation histories, procedures performed, and complications.

Results/Complications: During the study period, 12 reduction mammaplasties and 6 mastopexies were performed.  Previous lumpectomy and radiation had been performed on the breasts undergoing these procedures.  Average follow-up was 26.3 months.  Average patient age was 49.5 years.  Average BMI was 29.0.  Average pre-operative bra cup size was D/DD.  One patient was a former smoker, 17 were non-smokers.  Eleven of the 18 patients had been previously treated with chemotherapy.  Average time between radiation therapy and surgery was 2.5 years.  Average specimen weight in reduction mammaplasties was 623g.  A variety of pedicles were used in reductions, including inferior, medial, central mound, superomedial, superolateral, and McKissock.  Mastopexies performed employed circumvertical, inferior wedge excision, and free nipple graft techniques.  22% (4/18) of patients experienced a total of 5 minor complications, including delayed healing at the T-junction (3), infection (1), and breast skin necrosis (1).  None of these complications required a return to the operating room.  One of the 18 patients (6%) experienced a major complication resulting in loss of approximately 50% of the breast which was reconstructed with a latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap.  94% (17/18) of patients had successful outcomes with achievement of pre-operative goals.

Conclusion:   Reduction mammaplasty and mastopexy should be approached with caution in the previously irradiated breast but may still be safely and successfully performed.