Morphometric Analysis of Anatomic Versus Round Breast Implants: An Intraoperative Comparison of the Volume Distribution Ratio (VDR) and the Sphericity Factor (SF) Using 3D Surface Scanning

Goals/Purpose: The aim of this study was to objectively compare round versus shaped breast implant outcomes using a novel method for the investigation of shape altering breast surgeries. To date, shape outcomes are mostly judged subjectively by using images, surveys, and expert opinions. These methods are prone for biases and inaccuracy. High resolution 3D scanning and computer-based comparison of shape changes can circumvent these problems. But no universal 3D based parameters are established yet to compare breast shapes.

Methods/Technique: Surface scans were performed with a high resolution 3D scanner. Primary breast augmentation patients were scanned pre-, intra- and post- operatively. All scans were performed with patients in a "sitting" position. We developed a novel shape analysis algorithm based on volume distribution (Volume Distribution Ratio VDR) and sphericity (Sphericity Factor SF). All scans were randomized and analysed by an independent software team.

Results/Complications: 3D scanning in an operative setting is practical and easy to perform. Our new comparison method could show that anatomically shaped breast implants produce a more bottom-heavy “natural” breast shape than same sized round implants when comparing 3D data. Differences were small, but the use of VDR and SF can significantly differentiate breast shape differences.

Conclusion: Our novel 3D analyzing algorithm can be used to compare different breast surgery techniques and related shape outcomes. This adds objectivity in the discussion on breast surgery outcomes, it creates significant follow up possibilities (quality control) and can lead into a new breast shape classification system.